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For years scientists have worked to understand the human brain; how it functions, why it malfunctions, and how to remedy dysfunction. As the world of neuroscience progresses, we continue to learn more and more about the brain and how its structures dictate our cognition, emotions, and actions. Understanding the brain’s networks and connections helps us better understand how to treat mental and physical health conditions and reach optimal brain performance. It is estimated tha

Neural plasticity has been a hot button topic in neuroscience for many years now, and has recently been making its way into the zeitgeist for the general public as well. Neural plasticity and the factors that impact it are key to understanding how the brain functions, adapts, and becomes more resilient. To define neural plasticity, it is “the ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli by reorganizing its structure, funct

Both ketamine therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation have been up-and-coming promising treatments for treatment-resistant depression. They have shown effectiveness both as individual treatments as well as when used  as a combined therapy. Alternative treatments such as ketamine and TMS for depression have arisen, at least in part, as a result of the limitations of medication to effectively treat depression. Medication often has unwanted side effects and many depressed

We’ve always been told to get a good night’s sleep - being tucked into bed at night as young kids, talking to our doctor at our annual checkup, chatting with friends about how exhausted we feel - the refrain is always “Get some sleep!”. Well, it’s true. A healthy bedtime routine and sleep schedule is an essential first step in mental and physical wellbeing, and is a key building block to your overall health. We’ll get into the science behind your circadian rhythm, the importa

At our clinic, we love to bring it back to basics. We want to make sure that our patients know that any treatment modality is enhanced and made more effective by implementing lifestyle measures such as exercise, sleep, and nutrition in addition to their treatment. This is true of medications, therapy, and procedures such as EMDR and TMS (and true for people who are not currently receiving specific treatments). Sometimes these lifestyle medicine components are accessible to pa

Chronic pain is a condition that involves dysfunction of the pain pathways leading to pain lasting beyond the typical healing process and can result in long-term disability. It is estimated that approximately 1 in 5 adults in the U.S. suffers from some form of chronic pain, and it is an incredibly difficult condition to treat due to the complex physiology of pain. In recent years, there has been increased effort to understand chronic pain and how to treat it in order to provi

Damage to the brain via physical trauma such as stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to long lasting neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as physical impairment. Neuropsychiatric disorders affect up to 88% of TBI patients, manifesting with symptoms such as impulsivity, irritability, depression, and anxiety. For patients who experience stroke, motor as well as nonmotor impairments can be debilitating to patients, decreasing their quality of life and, in some cases, le

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related conditions impact millions of Americans, and can be difficult to treat using conventional methods. PTSD, complex PTSD (c-PTSD), and post-traumatic stress injury (PTSI) are all conditions that arise as a result of experiencing trauma. Many people with PTSD experience symptoms such as flashbacks, intrusive thoughts, sleep disturbance, hyperarousal, and other distressing symptoms that impact their ability to function in their day

As a celebration of the beginning of 2026, we have done a year-in-review of TMS in 2025: updates, new technology, protocols, and research. We pored through a myriad of clinical studies, research articles, and more so that you don’t have to (although if you are interested in the ins and outs of these studies and findings, I would highly recommend all the journals cited), so here is a highlight reel of transcranial magnetic stimulation in 2025! There was significant research c

By Dr. Robynne O’Byrne | 2025 Several years ago, a patient I’ll call Diane came to me with debilitating depression and anxiety. We...